Monday, February 22, 2016

Banks and bankers: misused?


Now that everybody knows the state of nationalized banks; lesser said the better.

There were days when banks accepted deposits and lent funds to the needy.   There was not much intervention, either from the Government or from politicians.   Govt. schemes were very less both in number as well as in value.

Somebody thought cleverly that the footfalls in banking halls are huge and it has got a potential to market their products.    Banks became malls; called financial supermarket.   Bankers sold products, which they neither used nor understood.  

Life Insurance policies were marketed for fraction of a commission what insurance companies would have otherwise paid to their agents.   General Insurance plans were sold for the benefit of companies which otherwise would have appointed agents nationwide at a huge cost.    Health Insurance was sold without the knowledge of claim procedure.   Insurance claims, when rejected by the companies, affected the bank loan repayments, as they were sold through corporate clients.  

Mutual funds were dumped on the bank customers without considering the suitability of the scheme.   Many customers lost a portion of their principal itself, as it is inherent in such products when the stock market tumbled.    Had it been a bank deposit; customers would have got their principal plus interest intact.   Investments in all the above were paid out from bank deposits.   In other words, instead of mobilizing more deposits; bankers used to find ways to part with their funds.     We counted pennies; losing pounds.

It may also be noted that customers accepted the products, not for its quality, because it was sold by the bank.   They succumbed to the pressure of bankers to sell such products.

Marketing officers in banks think that marketing of banking product means selling of insurance and MF.   Cross-selling means offering health insurance and life insurance to the existing customers.   While serving other companies, we forgot our own existence and its purpose.   The time and energy we spent on others’ products should have been profitably spent on our products viz. retail loans, deposit schemes, foreign exchange and others.    Fee based income should have been earned from products like LG, LC, Safe deposit locker, etc. banking products instead of other non-banking companies’ products.

We also waste our own precious time in various other ways, where other institutions ride on our back:

  • Collecting school & college fees
  • Issuing applications for admission to institutions
  • Collection of local body taxes; government taxes
  • Paying salaries & pensions for Govt. departments & other institutions
  • Calendar distribution by some banks
  • Selling Gold, Govt. bonds
  • Collecting donations
  • Offering depository services; etc.



Let us remember we do not have separate trained staff for all these work; the same set of branch staff will be ‘jack of all trade’.    Their best times are spent on counting the trees; forgetting the woods.     The time and energy spent on these ‘other business’ should have been spent on follow up and recovery of our own advances.   This is the reason why our top line always improved while bottom line suffered.

Then who should be blamed?
Govt. whose business was done in the banking hall? Regulator who didn’t stop banks from non-banking business? Management? Competitors? Companies whose product was sold across the counters?  Let’s move on.

Now banks have come a full circle.   At least now banks should delink themselves from ‘time wasting – less paying – resource draining – core business affecting’ work and concentrate only on basic banking; the good old ‘accepting deposits and deploying funds’.

Target should be only for bottom line (profit target) and not for others' products.  Such sale should be incidental.


Others have misused Banks and bankers; now this is the time to introspect and take corrective action.

Friday, January 8, 2016

Banking Issues
Packing Credit (Running Account)


Recently there was a query from one of our colleagues as to how to monitor the running pc account.  Further running pc is settled every time with Inward Remittances only instead of post shipment facility.   Whether it is permissible?

The following was considered:
1.    Ensure we have a sanctioned limit for a running PC account.
2.    Eliminate PCs on a FIFO basis.
3.    Back up PCs with order / LC and order value should cover the PC outstanding.
4.    Religiously conduct stock verification / unit inspection every month and satisfy about the availability of security.
5.    Overdue PCs should be charged with additional interest wherever applicable.
6.    By watching the conduct of the account, we can gauge the average time taken for realization of export.  Follow up the outstanding PCs after that average time.   Or go by LC / order terms as the case may be.
7.    In some of the geographies, big clients prefer direct payment instead of routing bills through bank.   We can verify the order / LC terms for this.
8.    Booking of forward contract is permitted for such transactions.
9.    PC should be covered under ECGC insurance.
10. Even after receipt of direct payment, client may submit bills and it should be treated as Misc. collection bills and lodged & realized accordingly.   They may ask for eBRC at a later date to claim export incentives, if any.
11. EEFC facility can be extended.
12. Post shipment facility is not a must.   However, ECGC cover may not be available for PC after the goods are shipped.   So ensure that the time gap from shipment to realization is short.   If usance period is there, it is advisable to get at least a copy of the bill for lodgement so that ECGC cover is continued.


Friday, January 1, 2016

NEW YEAR

The year 2015 was as eventful as any other year, with its own share of successes, failures, disasters - natural and man made, innovations, improvements, .......

The positives are more than the negatives, so we can expect further improvement this year.

Let us hope, let us wish, this new year may be better for all.

Wishing you a Happy and prosperous New Year 2016

Aswin KJ

Tuesday, December 29, 2015

Banking Issues
Training the new recruits

The initiative taken by Sri.Lakshmivenkatesh Rao to conduct a short training in decision making for first line managers (Facebook post 29/11/15), is quite laudable.

Regular training at organizational (apex) level takes time.   For that, first line managers who are not much experienced and have been thrust in to the position either due to circumstances or organizational requirements, can’t wait for long.   It is better to have a local center level or region level trainings / workshops to take care of the interim period until formal training is arranged.

The new generation bankers are well educated (rather over-qualified for the position), more tech savvy and with high expectation.   But they get easily frustrated when they encounter delays, indecisions and rejections (of their suggestions).   They are yet to attune to the organization structure and its decision making process.  They should understand that there is no quick fix solution to many of the issues in banking.  It has to be process oriented.   But this may not come in the way of their customer service, barring a few specific customer requests.

The seniors have to handhold new recruits by adopting a few branches / certain number of staff in their vicinity.   This will go a long way than classroom lectures.    But this also has its own limitation, as the person who guides may not know everything in banking.   So it is always better a pool of talents in a center / region can guide the bankers at that center / region, of course, other than issues affecting policy decisions.

Most of the banks are not in good shape due to their quality of assets.  This is the time staff members should have confidence.   It will send a wrong signal If they lose hope and express it in words / deeds when the customers are around.    Each and every staff should be brand ambassador of their bank.   They should exhibit confidence and hope in their conduct.   Yad bhavam tad bhavati,

It is also observed that frequent visits of branches / offices by executives are seen as support and encouragement to the employees. 


The ultimate aim of trainings, meetings, discussions, etc. should be to prepare the staff to serve clients confidently.   Their effectiveness can be gauged by the business figures and increase in income of the branch.  That only can motivate the new comers, who have immense potential.     

Tuesday, November 17, 2015


Banking Issues
Branch profitability

Normally First line managers will be worried about their bottom line figures.   They have to deliver, fulfill the management expectations and show results month after month.

Yes; even a ‘panwala’ will not continue his business if it incurs losses continuously for six months.  So it is all the more important that a financial institution should be run profitably.    Nobody will enter in to sinking ship. 

Customers are not interested in individual branch performance and they look at macro level – bank as a whole.   If clients start analyzing individual branch performance, it is doubtful whether business will be as usual.   This is applicable to all banks.

Nowadays younger generation people (Gen Y) head many of the branches who are not much experienced as well as do not have much exposure, due to various reasons.   But they have a lot of potential, innovative ideas and experimenting attitude, which can be used in the business to achieve the required goal.

Banks have different products for different customers, all contributing to profit.   It is normal to say that curtailing expenses will increase the profit.   True; but fixed expenses and inelastic items like Rent, Staff cost, etc. cannot be tinkered with.   Reduction of staff can be done; but at what cost?   They should be considered as human capital and can be used for marketing, customer service, recovery, etc.

Hence increasing the income portfolio is the only solution to stay in the business.   Let us see some of the ways:

1. For banks, interest income is the main source, which will also deploy the funds mobilized at the branch level earning higher interest.   A good mix of Retails loans, Term loans, Working capital loans, etc. will give continuous income.    Self liquidating ones like Bill finance, assured return giving Liquirent, highly secured ones like Jewel loan, employer-tied up personal loans, etc. will improve the bottom line.

2. The above should be supplemented by fee based / non interest income like issuing LG; LC, issuing DD; NEFT; RTGS, collecting Locker rent, sale of third party products like insurance, mutual fund, etc.     But it should be ensured that branch earns majority of its income only through core banking business and not from third party products.     This product should be used to attract new clients and making them as our customers.  (In reality many branches sell such products only to the existing clients).

3. There are other areas like keeping minimum balance in ‘account with other banks’, optimum cash retention, reduction in advertisement cost by ‘being in the news’, etc.

4. Recovery of NPA, overdue, etc. will also result in increased income.

5. Another important source is reduction in Term Deposits.   These deposits may improve the top line but will be costly for the branch, even though they stay for a fixed term.  Instead, CASA will be better, even if it is withdrawn at the ‘right’ time.   In CASA, end figures are not important; average CASA balance each day is important.

It will be helpful to prepare branch-wise balance sheet to see where each branch stands.  It will also help the branch staff to improve customer happiness, indulge in cross selling and to involve them in bank development.

Ultimately, any commercial establishment has to earn profit and branches are not exempted.